http://glottopedia.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Analogy 2026-11-06T15:53:17Z Revision history for this page on the wiki MediaWiki 1.45.6 http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Analogy&diff=5342&oldid=prev 2008-01-29T13:06:01Z

<p>from Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics</p> <p><b>New page</b></p><div>&#039;&#039;&#039;Analogy&#039;&#039;&#039; refers to a diachronic process which changes words after the model of other forms. <br /> <br /> ===Examples===<br /> In Gothic, the [[stem]] of the noun meaning &#039;foot&#039; is a so-called &#039;&#039;u&#039;&#039;-stem, i.e. a stem ending in a [[suffix]] &#039;&#039;-u&#039;&#039;, although originally this stem did not end in a suffix &#039;&#039;-u&#039;&#039;. Compare the nominative singular of the non-&#039;&#039;u&#039;&#039;-stem foot in Latin (&#039;&#039;pe:s&#039;&#039;), Ancient Greek (&#039;&#039;pó:s&#039;&#039;), Sanskrit (&#039;&#039;pá:t&#039;&#039;), and Gothic (&#039;&#039;fotus&#039;&#039;) with the nom.sg. of the &#039;&#039;u&#039;&#039;-stem &#039;&#039;son&#039;&#039; in Ancient Greek (&#039;&#039;hui&amp;oacutes&#039;&#039;), Sanskrit (&#039;&#039;su:n&amp;uacutes&#039;&#039;) and Gothic (&#039;&#039;sunus&#039;&#039;). The diachronic account of this class shift runs as follows. Historically, the accusative ending &#039;&#039;-m&#039;&#039; was syllabic after consonant-final roots. By a regular sound change this syllabic /m/ became &#039;&#039;-um&#039;&#039; in Germanic. Hence, the accusative of foot became &#039;&#039;fot-um&#039;&#039;. The result of this change was that the accusative fotum became indistinguishable from the accusative of u-stems (e.g. sunum), although their underlying morphological structure was different: &#039;&#039;fot-um&#039;&#039; vs. &#039;&#039;sun-u-m&#039;&#039;. If one assumes that the [[accusative]] &#039;&#039;fot-um&#039;&#039; is reanalyzed as &#039;&#039;fot-u-m&#039;&#039;, the change &#039;&#039;*fot &gt; fotus&#039;&#039; (nom.sg.) can be schematized as &#039;&#039;sun-u-m:sun-u-s = fot-u-m:X&#039;&#039;, where X is &#039;&#039;fot-u-s&#039;&#039;.<br /> <br /> ===Link===<br /> [http://www2.let.uu.nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Analogy&amp;lemmacode=1018 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics] <br /> <br /> ===References===<br /> *Beekes, R. 1990. &#039;&#039;Vergelijkende taalwetenschap: een inleiding in de vergelijkende Indo-europese taalwetenschap.&#039;&#039; Het Spectrum, Utrecht.<br /> *Kiparsky, P. 1974. Remarks on Analogical Change, reprinted in Kiparsky, P. 1982. &#039;&#039;Explanation in Phonology.&#039;&#039; Foris, Dordrecht.<br /> *Kiparsky, P. 1970. Historical Linguistics, reprinted in Kiparsky, P. 1982. &#039;&#039;Explanation in Phonology.&#039;&#039; Foris, Dordrecht.<br /> *Kiparsky, P. 1968. Linguistic Universals and Linguistic Change, reprinted in Kiparsky, P. 1982. &#039;&#039;Explanation in Phonology.&#039;&#039; Foris, Dordrecht.<br /> *Kiparsky, P. 1965. Phonological Change. PhD diss. MIT Cambridge Mass., reproduced by IULC Bloomington, Indiana.<br /> <br /> <br /> {{dc}}<br /> [[Category:Phonetics and Phonology]]</div>

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