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Singaporean English - Revision history
2026-11-08T14:14:41Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
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Unknown user: /* References */
2024-06-11T11:30:34Z
<p><span class="autocomment">References</span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 11:30, 11 June 2024</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{dc}} [[Category:Single language]][[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Categoryy</del>:English]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{dc}} [[Category:Single language]][[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Category</ins>:English]]</div></td></tr>
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Unknown user
http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Singaporean_English&diff=19287&oldid=prev
Unknown user at 11:30, 11 June 2024
2024-06-11T11:30:19Z
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Wierzbicka, A. (2003). Singapore English: ''A semantic and cultural perspective. Multilingua - Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication, 22'' (4), 327-366.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Wierzbicka, A. (2003). Singapore English: ''A semantic and cultural perspective. Multilingua - Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication, 22'' (4), 327-366.</div></td></tr>
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Unknown user
http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Singaporean_English&diff=19195&oldid=prev
Unknown user: Wohlgemuth moved page User:Aurora1823/Draft to Singaporean English
2024-06-11T08:50:50Z
<p>Wohlgemuth moved page <a href="/index.php?title=User:Aurora1823/Draft" class="mw-redirect" title="User:Aurora1823/Draft">User:Aurora1823/Draft</a> to <a href="/index.php?title=Singaporean_English" title="Singaporean English">Singaporean English</a></p>
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Unknown user
http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Singaporean_English&diff=18964&oldid=prev
Unknown user: /* Singlish Adaptation */
2024-06-08T16:17:05Z
<p><span class="autocomment">Singlish Adaptation</span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 16:17, 8 June 2024</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== '''Singlish Adaptation''' ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== '''Singlish Adaptation''' ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The evolution of Singlish is significantly influenced by the local languages. Chinese dialects, particularly those from Southern China, along with Malay and Tamil, contribute various discourse particles to Singlish. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The evolution of Singlish is significantly influenced by the local languages. Chinese dialects, particularly those from Southern China, along with Malay and Tamil, contribute various discourse particles to Singlish<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. For example, particles such as "lah" "ah" and "meh" are widely used across different registers of Singapore English, from informal to more formal settings. These particles serve specific interactive functions, such as inviting a response or confirming a statement, which are culturally significant in the context of Singapore's multilingual society</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''Some commonly found Singlish features are:'''</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For example, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">when someone says </ins>"He very cute lah" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the addition of "lah" adds a layer of </ins>politeness and <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">expresses appreciation or </ins>admiration. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Singlish often skip the verb </ins>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">to be,</ins>" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">simplifying sentences without altering the intended meaning</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Additionally</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the use of </ins>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">lah</ins>" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">at </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">end </ins>of a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sentence can soften a command, turning it into a friendly suggestion or request</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Another example is the particle </ins>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">meh</ins>" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">which is </ins>used to <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">express surprise </ins>or <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">disbelief</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">as in </ins>"You <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sure meh</ins>?" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">indicating doubt or seeking confirmation</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1. "''Lah''" - Used at the end of sentences to add emphasis or soften commands. </del>For example, "He very cute lah" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">expresses </del>politeness and admiration. </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2. </del>"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''Meh''</del>" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">- Indicates surprise or disbelief</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">For example</del>, </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">3. </del>"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''You sure meh?''</del>" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">questions </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">certainty </del>of a <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">statement. </del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4</del>. "<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''Ah''</del>" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">- Can be </del>used to <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">prompt a response </del>or <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">clarify information. For example</del>, "You <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">going where ah</del>?" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">asks for location details</del>. </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''Singlish also integrates vocabulary from Malay</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Chinese dialects, and Tamil'':</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Furthermore</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the integration of </ins>Malay <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">words </ins>like "makan" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(to eat) and </ins>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">jalan</ins>" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(</ins>to walk or travel<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">) showcases the linguistic blending that characterizes Singlish. These borrowed words often retain their original meanings while being seamlessly integrated into everyday conversation</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The Tamil influence can be seen </ins>in <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">expressions </ins>like "<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">aiyah</ins>" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(an exclamation </ins>of frustration or surprise<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">)</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">further enriching the Singlish lexicon</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1. "''Makan''" - A </del>Malay <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">word meaning "to eat". Commonly used in phrases </del>like "<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Let's go </del>makan<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">.</del>" </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2. </del>"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''Jalan''" - A Malay word meaning </del>"to walk<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">" </del>or <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"</del>travel<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Used </del>in <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sentences </del>like "<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">We jalan to the market." </del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">3. "''Aiyah''</del>" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">- A Tamil expression </del>of frustration or surprise, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">often heard in everyday conversation</del>.</div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== '''References''' ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== '''References''' ==</div></td></tr>
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Unknown user
http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Singaporean_English&diff=18963&oldid=prev
Unknown user at 16:16, 8 June 2024
2024-06-08T16:16:39Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 16:16, 8 June 2024</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Some commonly found Singlish features are:'''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''Some commonly found Singlish features are:'''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>"Lah" - Used at the end of sentences to add emphasis or soften commands. For example, "He very cute lah" expresses politeness and admiration. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1. </ins>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>Lah<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>" - Used at the end of sentences to add emphasis or soften commands. For example, "He very cute lah" expresses politeness and admiration. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>"Meh" - Indicates surprise or disbelief. For example, </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2. </ins>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>Meh<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>" - Indicates surprise or disbelief. For example, </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>"You sure meh?" questions the certainty of a statement. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">3. </ins>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>You sure meh?<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>" questions the certainty of a statement. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>"Ah" - Can be used to prompt a response or clarify information. For example, "You going where ah?" asks for location details. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4. </ins>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>Ah<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>" - Can be used to prompt a response or clarify information. For example, "You going where ah?" asks for location details. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>''Singlish also integrates vocabulary from Malay, Chinese dialects, and Tamil'':</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>''Singlish also integrates vocabulary from Malay, Chinese dialects, and Tamil'':</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>"Makan" - A Malay word meaning "to eat". Commonly used in phrases like "Let's go makan." </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1. </ins>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>Makan<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>" - A Malay word meaning "to eat". Commonly used in phrases like "Let's go makan." </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>"Jalan" - A Malay word meaning "to walk" or "travel". Used in sentences like "We jalan to the market." </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2. </ins>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>Jalan<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>" - A Malay word meaning "to walk" or "travel". Used in sentences like "We jalan to the market." </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>"Aiyah" - A Tamil expression of frustration or surprise, often heard in everyday conversation.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">3. </ins>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>Aiyah<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>" - A Tamil expression of frustration or surprise, often heard in everyday conversation.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== '''References''' ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== '''References''' ==</div></td></tr>
</table>
Unknown user
http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Singaporean_English&diff=18962&oldid=prev
Unknown user: /* Singlish Adaptation */
2024-06-08T16:14:38Z
<p><span class="autocomment">Singlish Adaptation</span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 16:14, 8 June 2024</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== '''Singlish Adaptation''' ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== '''Singlish Adaptation''' ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The evolution of Singlish is significantly influenced by the local languages. Chinese dialects, particularly those from Southern China, along with Malay and Tamil, contribute various discourse particles to Singlish<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. For example, particles such as "''lah''" "''ah''" and "''meh''" are widely used across different registers of Singapore English, from informal to more formal settings. These particles serve specific interactive functions, such as inviting a response or confirming a statement, which are culturally significant in the context of Singapore's multilingual society</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The evolution of Singlish is significantly influenced by the local languages. Chinese dialects, particularly those from Southern China, along with Malay and Tamil, contribute various discourse particles to Singlish. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">For example, when someone says "</del>''<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">He very cute lah</del>''" the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">addition </del>of "<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</del>lah<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</del>" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">adds a layer of </del>politeness and <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">expresses appreciation or </del>admiration. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Singlish often skip the verb </del>"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">to be,</del>" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">simplifying sentences without altering the intended meaning</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Additionally</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the use of </del>"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''lah''</del>" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">at </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">end </del>of a <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sentence can soften a command, turning it into a friendly suggestion or request</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Another example is the particle </del>"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''meh''</del>" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">which is </del>used to <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">express surprise </del>or <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">disbelief</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">as in </del>"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</del>You <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sure meh</del>?<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</del>" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">indicating doubt or seeking confirmation</del>. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>''<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'Some commonly found Singlish features are:'</ins>''</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"Lah</ins>" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">- Used at </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">end </ins>of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sentences to add emphasis or soften commands. For example, </ins>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">He very cute </ins>lah" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">expresses </ins>politeness and admiration. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Meh</ins>" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">- Indicates surprise or disbelief</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">For example</ins>, </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">You sure meh?</ins>" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">questions </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">certainty </ins>of a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">statement</ins>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Ah</ins>" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">- Can be </ins>used to <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">prompt a response </ins>or <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">clarify information. For example</ins>, "You <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">going where ah</ins>?" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">asks for location details</ins>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Furthermore, the integration of Malay words like "</del>''<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">makan</del>''" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(</del>to eat<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">) and </del>"'<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'jalan''</del>" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(</del>to walk or travel<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">) showcases the linguistic blending that characterizes Singlish</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">These borrowed words often retain their original meanings while being seamlessly integrated into everyday conversation. The Tamil influence can be seen </del>in <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">expressions </del>like <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> </del>"<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''aiya''h</del>" <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(an exclamation </del>of frustration or surprise<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">)</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">further enriching the Singlish lexicon</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>''<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Singlish also integrates vocabulary from Malay, Chinese dialects, and Tamil</ins>''<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"Makan" - A Malay word meaning </ins>"to eat"<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Commonly used in phrases like "Let</ins>'<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">s go makan." </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"Jalan" - A Malay word meaning </ins>"to walk<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">" </ins>or <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"</ins>travel<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Used </ins>in <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">sentences </ins>like "<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">We jalan to the market." </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"Aiyah</ins>" <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">- A Tamil expression </ins>of frustration or surprise, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">often heard in everyday conversation</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== '''References''' ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== '''References''' ==</div></td></tr>
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Unknown user
http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Singaporean_English&diff=18865&oldid=prev
Unknown user at 06:07, 6 June 2024
2024-06-06T06:07:16Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 06:07, 6 June 2024</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== '''Definition''' ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== '''Definition''' ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Singaporean English, often referred to as "''Singlish''", is a distinctive variation of English spoken in Singapore. Singlish is a mixture of English with elements from various other languages spoken in Singapore, such as Malay, Mandarin, Hokkien, Tamil, and other languages. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">It has developed through </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">influence </del>of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">various languages </del>and <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">cultures present </del>in the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">country.</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Singaporean English, often referred to as "''Singlish''", is a distinctive variation of English spoken in Singapore. Singlish is a mixture of English with elements from various other languages spoken in Singapore, such as Malay, Mandarin, Hokkien, Tamil, and other languages. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Singlish plays a significant role as a unique creole language in Singapore, representing </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">country's multicultural and multilingual identity. Singlish is a marker of local identity and solidarity among Singaporeans, and is frequently used informally to express a sense of belonging and cultural pride. Singlish is known for its efficiency and economy of expression, allowing for concise communication while packing rich meaning into short phrases. Its unique syntax and vocabulary allow for a high level </ins>of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">expressiveness </ins>and <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">humor, making it popular </ins>in <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">local media, comedy, and everyday conversations. Despite government efforts to promote Standard English through initiatives such as </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Speak Good English Movement, Singapore</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== '''History''' ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== '''History''' ==</div></td></tr>
</table>
Unknown user
http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Singaporean_English&diff=18801&oldid=prev
Unknown user at 01:39, 5 June 2024
2024-06-05T01:39:21Z
<p></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 01:39, 5 June 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l19">Line 19:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Furthermore, the integration of Malay words like "''makan''" (to eat) and "''jalan''" (to walk or travel) showcases the linguistic blending that characterizes Singlish. These borrowed words often retain their original meanings while being seamlessly integrated into everyday conversation. The Tamil influence can be seen in expressions like "''aiya''h" (an exclamation of frustration or surprise), further enriching the Singlish lexicon.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Furthermore, the integration of Malay words like "''makan''" (to eat) and "''jalan''" (to walk or travel) showcases the linguistic blending that characterizes Singlish. These borrowed words often retain their original meanings while being seamlessly integrated into everyday conversation. The Tamil influence can be seen in expressions like "''aiya''h" (an exclamation of frustration or surprise), further enriching the Singlish lexicon.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== '''References''' ==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Lim, L. (Ed.). (2004). ''Singapore English: A grammatical description''. John Benjamin Publishing Company.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Wierzbicka, A. (2003). Singapore English: ''A semantic and cultural perspective. Multilingua - Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication, 22'' (4), 327-366.</ins></div></td></tr>
</table>
Unknown user
http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Singaporean_English&diff=18799&oldid=prev
Unknown user at 13:19, 4 June 2024
2024-06-04T13:19:45Z
<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:19, 4 June 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l14">Line 14:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 14:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== '''Singlish Adaptation''' ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== '''Singlish Adaptation''' ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The evolution of Singlish is significantly influenced by the local languages. Chinese dialects, particularly those from Southern China, along with Malay and Tamil, contribute various discourse particles to Singlish. For example, particles such as "lah<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">,</del>" "ah<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">,</del>" and "<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">what</del>" are widely used across different registers of Singapore English, from informal to more formal settings. These particles serve specific interactive functions, such as inviting a response or confirming a statement, which are culturally significant in the context of Singapore's multilingual society.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The evolution of Singlish is significantly influenced by the local languages. Chinese dialects, particularly those from Southern China, along with Malay and Tamil, contribute various discourse particles to Singlish. For example, particles such as "<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>lah<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>" "<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>ah<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>" and "<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''meh''</ins>" are widely used across different registers of Singapore English, from informal to more formal settings. These particles serve specific interactive functions, such as inviting a response or confirming a statement, which are culturally significant in the context of Singapore's multilingual society.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For example, when someone says "He very cute lah<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">,</del>" the addition of "lah" adds a layer of politeness and expresses appreciation or admiration. Singlish often <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">omits </del>the verb "to be," simplifying sentences without altering the intended meaning. Additionally, the use of "lah" at the end of a sentence can soften a command, turning it into a friendly suggestion or request. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For example, when someone says "<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>He very cute lah<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>" the addition of "<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>lah<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>" adds a layer of politeness and expresses appreciation or admiration. Singlish often <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">skip </ins>the verb "to be," simplifying sentences without altering the intended meaning. Additionally, the use of "<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>lah<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>" at the end of a sentence can soften a command, turning it into a friendly suggestion or request<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Another example is the particle "''meh''" which is used to express surprise or disbelief, as in "''You sure meh?''" indicating doubt or seeking confirmation</ins>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Another example is the particle "meh," which is used to express surprise or disbelief, as in "You sure meh?" indicating doubt or seeking confirmation. Singlish also incorporates terms from Hokkien, such as "kiasu," meaning a fear of missing out, reflecting the competitive culture in Singapore.</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Furthermore, the integration of Malay words like "<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>makan<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>" (to eat) and "<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>jalan<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''</ins>" (to walk or travel) showcases the linguistic blending that characterizes Singlish. These borrowed words often retain their original meanings while being seamlessly integrated into everyday conversation. The Tamil influence can be seen in expressions like "<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''aiya''h</ins>" (an exclamation of frustration or surprise), further enriching the Singlish lexicon.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Furthermore, the integration of Malay words like "makan" (to eat) and "jalan" (to walk or travel) showcases the linguistic blending that characterizes Singlish. These borrowed words often retain their original meanings while being seamlessly integrated into everyday conversation. The Tamil influence can be seen in expressions like "<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">aiyah</del>" (an exclamation of frustration or surprise), further enriching the Singlish lexicon.</div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
</table>
Unknown user
http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Singaporean_English&diff=18798&oldid=prev
Unknown user at 13:16, 4 June 2024
2024-06-04T13:16:16Z
<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 13:16, 4 June 2024</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l10">Line 10:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Recently, Singlish has evolved into a symbol of cultural pride and national identity for many Singaporeans. Even with government initiatives like the "Speak Good English Movement" to encourage the use of standard English, Singlish is still widely used in daily conversation. Overall, the history of Singlish is a reflection of the social and political history of Singapore itself, reflecting colonial influences, migration, language policies, and national identity</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Recently, Singlish has evolved into a symbol of cultural pride and national identity for many Singaporeans. Even with government initiatives like the "Speak Good English Movement" to encourage the use of standard English, Singlish is still widely used in daily conversation. Overall, the history of Singlish is a reflection of the social and political history of Singapore itself, reflecting colonial influences, migration, language policies, and national identity</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== '''Singlish Adaptation''' ==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">The evolution of Singlish is significantly influenced by the local languages. Chinese dialects, particularly those from Southern China, along with Malay and Tamil, contribute various discourse particles to Singlish. For example, particles such as "lah," "ah," and "what" are widely used across different registers of Singapore English, from informal to more formal settings. These particles serve specific interactive functions, such as inviting a response or confirming a statement, which are culturally significant in the context of Singapore's multilingual society.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">For example, when someone says "He very cute lah," the addition of "lah" adds a layer of politeness and expresses appreciation or admiration. Singlish often omits the verb "to be," simplifying sentences without altering the intended meaning. Additionally, the use of "lah" at the end of a sentence can soften a command, turning it into a friendly suggestion or request. </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Another example is the particle "meh," which is used to express surprise or disbelief, as in "You sure meh?" indicating doubt or seeking confirmation. Singlish also incorporates terms from Hokkien, such as "kiasu," meaning a fear of missing out, reflecting the competitive culture in Singapore.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Furthermore, the integration of Malay words like "makan" (to eat) and "jalan" (to walk or travel) showcases the linguistic blending that characterizes Singlish. These borrowed words often retain their original meanings while being seamlessly integrated into everyday conversation. The Tamil influence can be seen in expressions like "aiyah" (an exclamation of frustration or surprise), further enriching the Singlish lexicon.</ins></div></td></tr>
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