Macroparadigm: Difference between revisions
Haspelmath (talk | contribs) New page: In morphology, a '''macroparadigm''' is a notion which is introduced in Carstairs (1987) to refer to a collection of paradigms which are distinct in phonologically, morphosyntactically... |
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Compare the following three [[Hungarian]] verbal paradigms: | Compare the following three [[Hungarian]] verbal paradigms: | ||
stem olvas 'read' ül 'sit' mond 'say' | stem olvas 'read' ül 'sit' mond 'say' | ||
1 sg. olvas-ok ül-ök mond-ok | 1 sg. olvas-ok ül-ök mond-ok | ||
2 sg. olvas-ol ül-sz mond-asz | 2 sg. olvas-ol ül-sz mond-asz | ||
3 sg. olvas ül mond | 3 sg. olvas ül mond | ||
1 pl. olvas-unk ül-ünk mond-unk | 1 pl. olvas-unk ül-ünk mond-unk | ||
2 pl. olvas-tok ül-tök mond-otok | 2 pl. olvas-tok ül-tök mond-otok | ||
3 pl. olvas-nak ül-nek mond-anak | 3 pl. olvas-nak ül-nek mond-anak | ||
('s' = [s], 'sz' = [s]) | ('s' = [s], 'sz' = [s]) | ||
Carstairs assumes that these three verbs belong to the same macroparadigm, since the variation is fully predictable. First, stems with [[back vowel]]s (''olvas, mond'') select back vowel suffixes (''-ok, -unk''), while verb stems with [[front vowel]]s select front vowels. This variation is due to a rule of [[vowel harmony]]. Second, if a consonant cluster of three members arises this is split up by an [[epenthetic vowel]]. Third, in the 2sg. form a stem ending in a [[sibilant]] takes the suffix ''-ol/-el'', while other stems take ''-sz'' (or a variant). | Carstairs assumes that these three verbs belong to the same macroparadigm, since the variation is fully predictable. First, stems with [[back vowel]]s (''olvas, mond'') select back vowel suffixes (''-ok, -unk''), while verb stems with [[front vowel]]s select front vowels. This variation is due to a rule of [[vowel harmony]]. Second, if a consonant cluster of three members arises this is split up by an [[epenthetic vowel]]. Third, in the 2sg. form a stem ending in a [[sibilant]] takes the suffix ''-ol/-el'', while other stems take ''-sz'' (or a variant). | ||
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*[[Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy|Carstairs, Andrew]]. 1987. ''Allomorphy in inflexion.'' Beckenham: Croom Helm. | *[[Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy|Carstairs, Andrew]]. 1987. ''Allomorphy in inflexion.'' Beckenham: Croom Helm. | ||
*[[Spencer, Andrew]]. 1991. ''Morphological Theory.'' Oxford:Blackwell. | *[[Spencer, Andrew]]. 1991. ''Morphological Theory.'' Oxford:Blackwell. | ||
===Other languages=== | |||
German [[Makroparadigma]] | |||
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[[Category:Morphology]] | |||
Latest revision as of 16:44, 6 October 2007
In morphology, a macroparadigm is a notion which is introduced in Carstairs (1987) to refer to a collection of paradigms which are distinct in phonologically, morphosyntactically or semantically predictable ways.
Example
Compare the following three Hungarian verbal paradigms:
stem olvas 'read' ül 'sit' mond 'say'
1 sg. olvas-ok ül-ök mond-ok
2 sg. olvas-ol ül-sz mond-asz
3 sg. olvas ül mond
1 pl. olvas-unk ül-ünk mond-unk
2 pl. olvas-tok ül-tök mond-otok
3 pl. olvas-nak ül-nek mond-anak
('s' = [s], 'sz' = [s])
Carstairs assumes that these three verbs belong to the same macroparadigm, since the variation is fully predictable. First, stems with back vowels (olvas, mond) select back vowel suffixes (-ok, -unk), while verb stems with front vowels select front vowels. This variation is due to a rule of vowel harmony. Second, if a consonant cluster of three members arises this is split up by an epenthetic vowel. Third, in the 2sg. form a stem ending in a sibilant takes the suffix -ol/-el, while other stems take -sz (or a variant).
Link
Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics
References
- Carstairs, Andrew. 1987. Allomorphy in inflexion. Beckenham: Croom Helm.
- Spencer, Andrew. 1991. Morphological Theory. Oxford:Blackwell.
Other languages
German Makroparadigma