http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Explanation_in_linguistics&feed=atom&action=history
Explanation in linguistics - Revision history
2024-03-28T15:11:38Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
MediaWiki 1.34.2
http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Explanation_in_linguistics&diff=3189&oldid=prev
WikiLingua at 10:31, 16 August 2007
2007-08-16T10:31:51Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:31, 16 August 2007</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===References===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===References===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</del>Bunge, Mario<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' (</del>1967<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">): </del>''Scientific Research I, II''. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*</ins>Bunge, Mario<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </ins>1967<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </ins>''Scientific Research I, II''. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</del>Hempel, Carl G.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' (</del>1965a<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">): </del>''Aspects of scientific explanation''. New York.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*</ins>Hempel, Carl G.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </ins>1965a<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </ins>''Aspects of scientific explanation''. New York.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</del>Hempel, Carl G.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' (</del>1965b<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">): </del>The logic of functional analysis. In Hempel<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">: </del>1965a.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*</ins>Hempel, Carl G.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </ins>1965b<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </ins>The logic of functional analysis. In<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">: </ins>Hempel<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </ins>1965a.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</del>Hempel, Carl. G.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">; </del>Oppenheim, Paul<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' (</del>1948<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">): </del>Studies in the logic of explanation. In: ''Philosophy of Science 15'', 135-175.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*</ins>Hempel, Carl. G. <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">& </ins>Oppenheim, Paul<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </ins>1948<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </ins>Studies in the logic of explanation. In: ''Philosophy of Science 15'', 135-175.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</del>Köhler, Reinhard<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' (</del>1968<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">): </del>''Zur linguistischen Synergetik: Struktur und Dynamik der Lexik''. Bochum: Brockmeyer, 25-33.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*</ins>Köhler, Reinhard<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </ins>1968<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </ins>''Zur linguistischen Synergetik: Struktur und Dynamik der Lexik''. Bochum: Brockmeyer, 25-33.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:General]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:General]]</div></td></tr>
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WikiLingua
http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Explanation_in_linguistics&diff=2956&oldid=prev
WikiLingua at 19:43, 2 August 2007
2007-08-02T19:43:48Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:43, 2 August 2007</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===References===</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===References===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*</del>Bunge, Mario<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </del>1967<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </del>Scientific Research I, II. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins>Bunge, Mario<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' (</ins>1967<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">): ''</ins>Scientific Research I, II<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''</ins>. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*</del>Hempel, Carl G. 1965a<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </del>Aspects of scientific explanation. New York.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*</del>Hempel, Carl G. 1965b The logic of functional analysis. In Hempel: 1965a.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins>Hempel, Carl G.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' (</ins>1965a<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">): ''</ins>Aspects of scientific explanation<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''</ins>. New York.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*</del>Hempel, Carl. G.<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">, </del>Oppenheim, Paul<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </del>1948<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </del>Studies in the logic of explanation. In: Philosophy of Science 15, 135-175.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*</del>Köhler, Reinhard<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </del>1968<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">. </del>Zur linguistischen Synergetik: Struktur und Dynamik der Lexik. Bochum: Brockmeyer, 25-33.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins>Hempel, Carl G.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' (</ins>1965b<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">): </ins>The logic of functional analysis. In Hempel: 1965a.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins>Hempel, Carl. G.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">; </ins>Oppenheim, Paul<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' (</ins>1948<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">): </ins>Studies in the logic of explanation. In: <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''</ins>Philosophy of Science 15<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''</ins>, 135-175.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">'''</ins>Köhler, Reinhard<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''' (</ins>1968<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">): ''</ins>Zur linguistischen Synergetik: Struktur und Dynamik der Lexik<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">''</ins>. Bochum: Brockmeyer, 25-33.</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:SURV]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:SURV]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:General]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:General]]</div></td></tr>
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WikiLingua
http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Explanation_in_linguistics&diff=2879&oldid=prev
Rk: Explanation moved to Explanation in linguistics: more specific title
2007-07-24T10:26:49Z
<p><a href="/index.php/Explanation" class="mw-redirect" title="Explanation">Explanation</a> moved to <a href="/index.php/Explanation_in_linguistics" title="Explanation in linguistics">Explanation in linguistics</a>: more specific title</p>
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<td colspan="1" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:26, 24 July 2007</td>
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Rk
http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Explanation_in_linguistics&diff=2591&oldid=prev
Haspelmath at 16:42, 17 July 2007
2007-07-17T16:42:02Z
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</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l19" >Line 19:</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A special kind of the deductive-nomological explanation is the functional explanation (not to confuse with teleological explanation), which is the appropriate form of explanation in linguistics. The simple variant, represented by the Hempel-Oppenheim Scheme, or attempts to explain linguistic facts and phenomena using a cause-effect relation must fail. A functional explanation is much more complicated (cf. Hempel 1965b and Köhler 1968). Its logic is, to some extent, similar to biological evolution.</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A special kind of the deductive-nomological explanation is the functional explanation (not to confuse with teleological explanation), which is the appropriate form of explanation in linguistics. The simple variant, represented by the Hempel-Oppenheim Scheme, or attempts to explain linguistic facts and phenomena using a cause-effect relation must fail. A functional explanation is much more complicated (cf. Hempel 1965b and Köhler 1968). Its logic is, to some extent, similar to biological evolution.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">===References===</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">==References==</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*Bunge, Mario. 1967. Scientific Research I, II. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*Hempel, Carl G. 1965a. Aspects of scientific explanation. New York.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*Hempel, Carl G. 1965b The logic of functional analysis. In Hempel: 1965a.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*Hempel, Carl. G., Oppenheim, Paul. 1948. Studies in the logic of explanation. In: Philosophy of Science 15, 135-175.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">*Köhler, Reinhard. 1968. Zur linguistischen Synergetik: Struktur und Dynamik der Lexik. Bochum: Brockmeyer, 25-33.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Bunge, Mario. 1967. Scientific Research I, II. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York</del>: <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Springer.</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[Category</ins>:<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">En]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[Category</ins>:<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">SURV]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Hempel, Carl G. 1965a. Aspects of scientific explanation. New York.</del></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">[[Category</ins>:<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">General]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Hempel, Carl G. 1965b The logic of functional analysis. In Hempel: 1965a.</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Hempel, Carl. G., Oppenheim, Paul. 1948. Studies in the logic of explanation. In</del>: <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Philosophy of Science 15, 135-175.</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Köhler, Reinhard. 1968. Zur linguistischen Synergetik: Struktur und Dynamik der Lexik. Bochum</del>: <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Brockmeyer, 25-33.</del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
</table>
Haspelmath
http://glottopedia.org/index.php?title=Explanation_in_linguistics&diff=2511&oldid=prev
Rk: New page: Over centuries, the concept of explanation was unclear. Several approaches, such as the type of teleological explanation (i.e. the attempt to explain something by its purpose) failed in th...
2007-07-14T13:13:25Z
<p>New page: Over centuries, the concept of explanation was unclear. Several approaches, such as the type of teleological explanation (i.e. the attempt to explain something by its purpose) failed in th...</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>Over centuries, the concept of explanation was unclear. Several approaches, such as the type of teleological explanation (i.e. the attempt to explain something by its purpose) failed in the end because they could be shown to be logically flawed.<br />
<br />
The only known logically perfect kind of explanation is the deductive-nomological one: An explanation is the subsumption of a fact under a set of [[law]]s and boundary conditions (gr. nomos - "law"). Thus, the specific fact can be logically deduced from the laws and boundary conditions.<br />
<br />
This can be illustrated by the "Hempel-Oppenheim Scheme" (Carl Hempel 1965a):<br />
<br />
G<sub>1</sub>, G<sub>2</sub>, ..., G<sub>n</sub><br />
<br />
R<sub>1</sub>, R<sub>2</sub>, ..., R<sub>m</sub>,<br />
<br />
_____________<br />
<br />
E<br />
<br />
The part above the line represents a set of universal [[law]]s and a set of boundary conditions and is called the "explanans", the line represents the logical deduction, and "E" represents the fact, the "explanandum", which is being explained.<br />
<br />
The explanation is valid only if the fact E is covered by at least one of the laws and if the relevant boundary conditions are met. Thus, the fact that closes are, on the average, shorter in sentences with more clauses than in sentences with less clauses is explained by the [[Menzerath-Altmann Law]] and the boundary condition that clauses are immediate constituents of a sentence.<br />
<br />
A special kind of the deductive-nomological explanation is the functional explanation (not to confuse with teleological explanation), which is the appropriate form of explanation in linguistics. The simple variant, represented by the Hempel-Oppenheim Scheme, or attempts to explain linguistic facts and phenomena using a cause-effect relation must fail. A functional explanation is much more complicated (cf. Hempel 1965b and Köhler 1968). Its logic is, to some extent, similar to biological evolution.<br />
<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
Bunge, Mario. 1967. Scientific Research I, II. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer.<br />
<br />
Hempel, Carl G. 1965a. Aspects of scientific explanation. New York.<br />
<br />
Hempel, Carl G. 1965b The logic of functional analysis. In Hempel: 1965a.<br />
<br />
Hempel, Carl. G., Oppenheim, Paul. 1948. Studies in the logic of explanation. In: Philosophy of Science 15, 135-175.<br />
<br />
Köhler, Reinhard. 1968. Zur linguistischen Synergetik: Struktur und Dynamik der Lexik. Bochum: Brockmeyer, 25-33.</div>
Rk