Difference between revisions of "Scrambling"

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#REDIRECT [[Scrambling (de)]]
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==Definition==
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'''Scrambling''' is a cover term for a specific kind of [[word order]] variation.
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In the study of [[Germanic]] [[SOV]]-languages the term is used to refer to word order variation of argument [[NP]]s with respect to each other and/or with respect to [[adverbial phrase]]s.
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== Example ==
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In [[German]] an object may follow or precede an adverb (object and adverb may be scrambled):
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(i)    a  Er hat ihr vielleicht dieses Buch gegeben
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  he has her maybe      this  book given
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        b  Er hat ihr dieses Buch vielleicht gegeben
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Two objects may be scrambled as well:
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(ii)   Er hat dieses Buch vielleicht ihr gegeben
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And sometimes an object - ''den Max'' in (iii) - may even scramble over the subject, as in (iii)b:
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(iii)  a  ... dass jeder den Max kennt
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      that everyone (the) Max knows
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        b  ... dass den Max jeder kennt
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It seems that [[definiteness]] is a factor interfering with scrambling. Nonspecific indefinite NPs cannot be scrambled and neither can particles or small clause predicates. One point of controversy is whether scrambling is a case of movement (of NP) and if so whether it is [[A-bar movement]] or not.
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== Links ==
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*[http://www2.let.uu.nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Scrambling&lemmacode=206 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
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== References ==
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* Grewendorf , G & W. Sternefeld (eds.) 1990. ''Scrambling and Barriers,'' John Benjamins,Amsterdam/Philadelphia.
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* Neeleman, A. 1994. ''Complex Predicates,'' diss., Utrecht University
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* Ross, J.R. 1967. ''Constraints on variables in syntax,'' doctoral dissertation, MIT (published as 'Infinite syntax!' Ablex, Norwood (1986)).
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* Webelhuth, G. 1989. ''Syntactic Saturation Phenomena and the Modern Germanic Languages,'' Diss, UMass.
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* Webelhuth, G. & H. Den Besten 1987. ''Adjunction and Remnant Topicalization in the Germanic SOV-languages,'' GLOW conference Venice, .
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==Other languages==
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*German [[Scrambling (de)]]
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{{dc}}
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[[Category:Syntax]]

Latest revision as of 15:55, 5 October 2014

Definition

Scrambling is a cover term for a specific kind of word order variation.

In the study of Germanic SOV-languages the term is used to refer to word order variation of argument NPs with respect to each other and/or with respect to adverbial phrases.

Example

In German an object may follow or precede an adverb (object and adverb may be scrambled):

(i)    a  Er hat ihr vielleicht dieses Buch gegeben
	  he has her maybe      this   book given
       b  Er hat ihr dieses Buch vielleicht gegeben

Two objects may be scrambled as well:

(ii)	  Er hat dieses Buch vielleicht ihr gegeben

And sometimes an object - den Max in (iii) - may even scramble over the subject, as in (iii)b:

(iii)  a  ... dass jeder den Max kennt
	      that everyone (the) Max knows
       b  ... dass den Max jeder kennt

It seems that definiteness is a factor interfering with scrambling. Nonspecific indefinite NPs cannot be scrambled and neither can particles or small clause predicates. One point of controversy is whether scrambling is a case of movement (of NP) and if so whether it is A-bar movement or not.

Links

References

  • Grewendorf , G & W. Sternefeld (eds.) 1990. Scrambling and Barriers, John Benjamins,Amsterdam/Philadelphia.
  • Neeleman, A. 1994. Complex Predicates, diss., Utrecht University
  • Ross, J.R. 1967. Constraints on variables in syntax, doctoral dissertation, MIT (published as 'Infinite syntax!' Ablex, Norwood (1986)).
  • Webelhuth, G. 1989. Syntactic Saturation Phenomena and the Modern Germanic Languages, Diss, UMass.
  • Webelhuth, G. & H. Den Besten 1987. Adjunction and Remnant Topicalization in the Germanic SOV-languages, GLOW conference Venice, .

Other languages