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• Agentive verb
  '''Agentive verb''' is a verb that has an [[Agent]] as one of its [[argument]]s. ...UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Agentive+verb&lemmacode=1004 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
  246 bytes (37 words) - 10:52, 14 September 2014
• Subject control verb
  ...of its infinitival [[complement]], the verb is called a '''subject control verb'''. ...''order'' in (i)b and ''force'' in (i)c are not (they are [[object control verb]]s).
  846 bytes (146 words) - 07:02, 16 August 2014
• Verb second
  ...If a language has verb second as a characteristic property it is called a verb second language. ...ch]] (i)a and the [[English]] (i)b shows that Dutch, but not English, is a verb second language.
  899 bytes (140 words) - 08:38, 31 August 2014
• Verb movement
  ...ad]] position, e.g. I ( [[INFL]]) and C ( [[COMP]]). In many languages the verb moves to I to pick up morphological inflection ( [[tense]] and/or [[agreeme In [[Dutch]] (i) the uninflected verb ''kus'' is moved to I, and [[adjoin]]ed to it, to pick up the affix -''t'',
  2 KB (257 words) - 08:37, 31 August 2014
• Transitive
  '''Transitive verb''' is a [[verb]] which has to be accompanied by a direct object. An example is the English verb ''hit'' which must be accompanied by a direct object (*''he hits'' vs. ''he
  447 bytes (64 words) - 19:58, 29 August 2014
• Accusative verb
  An '''accusative verb''' is a verb that assigns structural accusative [[Case]]. ...iL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Accusative+verb&lemmacode=977 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
  332 bytes (41 words) - 09:14, 26 May 2013
• Unergative verb
  ...ctively initiating or actively responsible for the action expressed by the verb. ...e characterized as verbs with an [[external argument]]. See [[unaccusative verb]].
  868 bytes (113 words) - 16:26, 24 August 2014
• Verb
  ...lish. They have to be paraphrased with an [[adjective]] and the [[copula]] verb ''be'' (for example ''be small''). In other languages, as for instance [[Ak ...y languages [[overt]]ly with one or more [[argument]]s. They are [[head]]s of [[verbal phrase]]s.
  2 KB (220 words) - 19:23, 2 August 2014
• Verb raising
  ...osition]], is moved and adjoined to its governing verb, thereby creating a verb-cluster. Dutch Verb Raising creates the structure in (i)b (assuming the SOV d-structure in (i)a
  2 KB (274 words) - 08:37, 31 August 2014
• Strong verb
  ...lomorphy]] or [[ablaut]], that is, by a change of the stem vowel, a change of the stem consonants, or both. ...nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Strong+verb&lemmacode=274 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
  597 bytes (87 words) - 09:03, 10 August 2014
• Transitive verb
  ...'' is a verb that takes at least one object. Depending on the exact number of verbs a distinction is made between [[monotransitive]] (one object) verbs a
  389 bytes (50 words) - 18:57, 2 August 2014
• Concord
  ...h some linguists have tried to differentiated the two terms. However, none of these attempts has become widely known. ...has the corresponding verb ''to agree'', ''concord'' has no corrresponding verb.
  410 bytes (55 words) - 19:15, 22 June 2014
• Garden-path sentence
  ...ical position. Because of the frequency bias toward ''ran'' being a matrix verb rather than an [[embedded]] [[participle]], which is a rare structure, the ...s not the matrix verb, else be able to backtrack. However, the infrequency of embedded participles makes this construction very difficult to recognize, t
  2 KB (290 words) - 17:11, 29 June 2014
• Subcategorization
  ...words is expressed. Subcategorization of heads (in particular V) in terms of the phrasal categories (NP, PP, etc.) which they select as a [[complement]] ...ubcategory of transitive verbs. The object subcategorizes the verb, or the verb is subcategorized by the object.
  1 KB (180 words) - 06:57, 16 August 2014
• Valency-changing operation
  ...d/or morphological [[operation]] due to which the relationship between a [[verb]] and its [[argument]]s is changed. ...operation of [[passive]] formation, the internal argument of [[transitive verb]]s in the [[active voice]] gets externalized, while the external argument b
  698 bytes (91 words) - 08:56, 30 August 2014
• VP raising
  ...is the [[movement]] of an infinitival [[VP]] to the right of its governing verb. This syntactic operation occurs in many [[German]] and [[Dutch]] (Flemish) ...om [[extraposition]], because it is triggered by verbs that also trigger [[Verb raising]], and because it induces [[IPP]].
  1 KB (204 words) - 10:45, 31 August 2014
• Subcategorization frame
  '''Subcategorization frame''' is a formalization of the notion of [[subcategorization]]. ...gorization]] frame of the verb ''hit''. It says that the pseudo-transitive verb ''hit'' optionally (indicated by the parentheses) selects an NP-complement
  1,008 bytes (129 words) - 06:57, 16 August 2014
• AUX
  ...a name of what is now usually labeled [[INFL]]. Also short for [[auxiliary verb]]. ...let.uu.nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=AUX&lemmacode=1052 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
  263 bytes (38 words) - 17:05, 20 September 2014
• Specifier
  ...is the position which is directly dominated by the [[maximal projection]] of X: [_XP specifier X]. ...[[D-structure]] position of the verb's external argument. In many analyses of [[movement]] (see [[bounding theory]]), the specifier position plays an imp
  1 KB (143 words) - 08:00, 4 November 2014
• Root clause
  ...] languages root clauses differ from embedded clauses in that the finite [[verb]] is in second position. ...nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Root+clause&lemmacode=357 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
  629 bytes (85 words) - 18:56, 28 September 2014
• AGR
  ...let.uu.nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=AGR&lemmacode=1007 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics] *Belletti, A. 1991. ''Generalized Verb Movement''. Rosenberg Torino.
  733 bytes (91 words) - 17:24, 12 June 2014
• Particle
  ...words that are not major [[part of speech|parts of speech]] ([[noun]]s, [[verb]]s, [[adjective]]s) and are not [[inflection|inflected]]. ...combines with an existing verb to form what looks like a [[complex verb]]. Verb-particle combinations are quite common in [[German]], [[Dutch]], [[Polish]]
  2 KB (320 words) - 19:06, 21 September 2014
• Source
  ...verb]], indicating the place or object where the movement expressed by the verb starts. In ''John received a book from Mary'' Mary is the source of the movement of the book (the [[theme]]) to John (the [[goal]]).
  876 bytes (126 words) - 07:26, 4 November 2014
• Unaccusative verb
  ...n [[relational grammar]] and [[Government and Binding Theory|GB]], instead of [[agent]]-like [[participant]]s. Thus unaccusatives are defined syntactical ...rs in various ways from non-unaccusative intransitive verbs ( [[unergative verb]]s). In languages that have a distinction between the perfective auxiliarie
  3 KB (411 words) - 12:36, 10 June 2009
• Absolutive case
  ...of an intransitive verb and the most patient-like argument of a transitive verb.
  890 bytes (101 words) - 17:51, 12 June 2014
• INFL
  ...I⁰). More recently, INFL has been reinterpreted as a conflation of two separate heads [[AGR]] (agreement) and T ([[tense]]). ...let.uu.nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=INFL&lemmacode=673 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
  907 bytes (127 words) - 20:48, 3 July 2014
• Third construction
  ...ion''' is a construction typical of [[Dutch]] and [[German]] in which part of an [[infinitival complement]] appears to be [[extraposed]]. ...en extraposed in toto, but in (i)b, the so-called third construction, part of the complement (''de prijs'') is in situ.
  2 KB (289 words) - 09:36, 17 August 2014
• Subject
  ...bject agrees with the verb in numerus and genus (only with a finite active verb; in passive constructions the subject does not have to agree). The subject usually takes the semantic role of an agent (actor).
  963 bytes (153 words) - 13:10, 13 May 2016
• Valency
  '''Valency''' (or '''valence''') refers to the argument-taking potential of [[verb]]s, and sometimes also [[adjective]]s and [[noun]]s. the verb ''open'' is associated with the semantic roles Agent, Theme, and Instrument
  1 KB (146 words) - 14:44, 10 June 2009
• Animacy
  ...h as choice of pronoun (what/who), case endings, word order, or the form a verb takes when it is associated with that noun.
  419 bytes (71 words) - 17:14, 15 June 2014
• Complementizer
  ...led by complementizers or other elements (most notably, the finite verb in verb-second languages). See [[complementizer (in X-bar theory)]]. *Rosenbaum, Peter S. 1967. ''The grammar of English predicate complement constructions.'' Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  1 KB (161 words) - 18:56, 22 June 2014
• Participle
  A '''participle''' is a [[finiteness|non-finite]] form of a [[verb]], generally with [[adjective|adjectival]] [[external syntax]] and verbal [ ...tinguishes the [[present participle]] ''writing'' in (i), the [[participle of the perfect tense]] ''written'' in (ii), and the [[passive participle]] ''w
  1 KB (164 words) - 19:02, 21 September 2014
• Ambitransitive verb
  ...ansitive verb]] or [[intransitive verb]] without any morphological marking of its [[Valenzalternation|valence alternation]]. The main semantic groups of verbs which tend to be labile cross-linguistically are:
  2 KB (227 words) - 15:20, 3 August 2014
• NP-movement
  ...ructions, and arguably in constructions with [[ergative verb]]s. The trace of NP-movement is an [[NP-trace]]. ...nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=NP-movement&lemmacode=512 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
  466 bytes (60 words) - 16:18, 18 July 2014
• Synthetic compound
  ...he non-head fulfills the function of [[argument]] or [[complement]] of the verb. ...compounds. Synthetic compounds have played a major role in the development of linguistic theory, since they raise a number a questions concerning the mor
  1 KB (202 words) - 08:43, 16 August 2014
• Weather verb
  A verb expressing a meteorological condition, such as ''rain'' or ''snow'', which ...nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Weather-verb&lemmacode=85 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
  458 bytes (61 words) - 18:15, 4 September 2014
• Inceptive
  Inceptive verbs are [[verb]]s that denote the beginning of an action or situation.
  331 bytes (43 words) - 17:12, 3 August 2014
• Ablaut
  ...ocess by which an inflected form of a word is formed by changing the vowel of the [[base]]. In the narrower sense, ''Ablaut'' refers to the system of root vowel alternations in [[Proto-Indo-European]] and its daughter languag
  2 KB (237 words) - 08:58, 14 June 2014
• Suppletion
  '''Suppletion''' is a phenomenon by which the addition of a semantic aspect or grammatical function is expressed by a totally or part ...uppletion. The alternation between ''France'' and ''French'' is an example of partial suppletion.
  769 bytes (103 words) - 08:17, 16 August 2014
• Agreement
  ...between a semantic or formal property of one element and a formal property of another."'' (Steele 1978:610) *Agreement of [[article]] and [[adjective]] with [[noun]] in [[number]] and [[gender (mor
  2 KB (298 words) - 08:27, 3 August 2014
• Root compound
  ...rbal]] or whose non-head does not have the function of [[argument]] of the verb from which the head is [[derivation|derived]]. ...r hand has a deverbal head and the non-head is an argument of the embedded verb ''drive''. The distinction between root compounds and synthetic compounds h
  2 KB (232 words) - 19:05, 28 September 2014
• Mixed category
  properties of two distinct categories, such as noun and verb, while being headed by a single word.
  408 bytes (52 words) - 16:18, 13 July 2014
• Subordinator
  ...In addition, subordinators often give information about the semantic kind of subordination ([[complement clause]], [[relative clause]], [[adverbial clau ...languages with rich morphology have subordinators that are affixes on the verb.
  729 bytes (95 words) - 15:40, 27 July 2014
• Result nominal
  ...' is a [[nominal]] which denotes the result of the action denoted by the [[verb]] it is [[derivation|derived]] from. In (i)a ''the collection'' refers to an entity which is the result of collecting things.
  770 bytes (112 words) - 17:09, 28 September 2014
• Inchoative
  ...ome dead) or ''break''. The term is also used in explicating the ambiguity of ''John will eat his lunch in an hour'': the inchoative reading is the one i ....nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Inchoative&lemmacode=660 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
  635 bytes (103 words) - 03:13, 19 March 2016
• Reanalysis (in generative syntax)
  ...]] at and the [[verb]] ''laughed'' are sometimes reanalyzed as the complex verb ''laughed at'' as in (i)b. ...ternal theta-role]]s in [[restructuring]] constructions containing a modal verb, see (ii), but it may also demote an external theta-role to become an inter
  3 KB (438 words) - 08:27, 28 September 2014
• Predicate-argument structure
  ...[[theta-grid]] is decoded, and as such is part of the syntactic structure of verbs. One way to represent the predicate-argument structure (PAS) of the causative verb ''break'' is (i).
  1,021 bytes (136 words) - 19:03, 27 September 2014
• Tail-head linkage
  ...sts in repeating, at the beginning of a new sentence, the main verbal root of the preceding sentence for discourse cohesion. ...recipes, rituals, etc.), usually it needs to occur in more different types of text in order to be classified as THL.
  675 bytes (108 words) - 22:12, 14 September 2021
• Resultative
  [[Verb]]s which denote an activity may be combined with a [[predicate]] to render (ii) They talked [him ''out of it'']
  829 bytes (114 words) - 17:03, 28 September 2014
• Word Structure Autonomy Condition
  ...a syntactic analysis of inflection, such as (a) the Affix Hopping analysis of English inflection (Chomsky 1957), (b) [[head movement]] analyses (Pollock ...ek.pl?lemma=Word+Structure+Autonomy+Condition&lemmacode=99 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
  1 KB (140 words) - 18:35, 7 September 2014
• Adverb
  '''Adverb''' refers a word which modifies a [[verb]], an [[adjective]] or another adverb. ...the [[lexical categories]] - they do not project a [[phrase]] in the sense of [[X-bar-theory]]. Since adverbs never occur as a [[complement]], they are t
  747 bytes (106 words) - 08:00, 1 February 2010
• Evidentiality
  ...thing is true. Some languages grammaticise evidentiality (mark it in their verb system). Turkmen, for example, has four levels of evidentiality - direct, inferred, assumed, and reported. These are marked i
  684 bytes (102 words) - 18:17, 20 September 2014
• Subjunctive
  '''Subjunctive''' is a [[mode]] of [[tense]], different from [[indicative]], used in embedded clauses and indi The verb ''être'' in French has ''soit'' in (ii) as a subjunctive form, distinct fr
  696 bytes (104 words) - 07:12, 16 August 2014
• Subject Restriction
  ...o account for the observation that the subject (or external argument) of a verb cannot function as the non-head in a [[synthetic compound]]. ...TS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Subject+Restriction&lemmacode=290 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
  923 bytes (129 words) - 07:08, 16 August 2014
• Semantic macrorole
  ...ication, either one of which may be the single argument of an intransitive verb."'' (Van Valin 2005:60) The semantic macroroles of RRG very roughly correspond to
  881 bytes (119 words) - 12:41, 26 July 2014
• Innovative
  An '''innovative''' descendant of a language is one that is dissimilar to it, compared to its other descendan ...espect but not another; for example, a language might be innovative in its verb morphology, but not in its case-marking.
  384 bytes (58 words) - 20:08, 4 July 2014
• Lexical category
  ...[verb]] and [[adjective]]. It is not a perfect synonym of the terms [[part of speech]]/[[word class]], because these terms also comprise minor categories *[[part of speech]], [[word class]], [[syntactic category]] (but these terms are somew
  1 KB (136 words) - 18:18, 12 July 2014
• Verb (de)
  ...exikalisch, sie werden mit entsprechenden [[Adjektiv]]en und dem [[Kopula]]verb ''sein'' ausgedrückt (''klein sein'' etc.). In anderen Sprachen, wie z.&nb *[[Fientisches Verb|fientische Verben]] ([[Vorgangsverb]]en)
  2 KB (257 words) - 19:24, 2 August 2014
• Restructuring
  The following examples are from Italian. (ii) is the result of Restructuring: ...le is available. A [[verb raising]] type of analysis, which would create a verb cluster, must be rejected, because non-verbal material, such as adverbs and
  2 KB (335 words) - 17:14, 28 September 2014
• Caused motion construction
  ...n construction''' (omitting the subject, which Lamb does not consider part of it) is a [[construction (in neurocognitive linguistics)|construction]] that ...sed motion, the values of the variables are those which fit this construal of the situation.
  1 KB (158 words) - 02:09, 15 October 2017
• Ditransitiv
  Ein Verb wird als '''ditransitiv''' bezeichnet, wenn seine syntaktische Valenz stand *Engel, R. & R. E. Longacre. 1963. ... ''International Journal of American Linguistics'' 29 <br>
  2 KB (204 words) - 18:26, 28 June 2014
• Infix
  ...hy (1983) and McCarthy (1986) argue that infixation is just a special kind of [[prefix]]ation or [[suffix]]ation. ...ripherally in a word, but not inside another morpheme. However, this usage of ''infix'' is usually regarded as erroneous.
  2 KB (308 words) - 21:47, 23 February 2013
• Small clause
  ...all Clause''' is [[subject]]-[[predicate]] construction without a [[finite verb]]. (i) I want [_PP him out of my sight]
  867 bytes (137 words) - 07:44, 3 November 2014
• Structural case
  ...ase is identified with case assignment to the specifier in a specific kind of AGRP. ...iL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Structural+case&lemmacode=276 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
  1 KB (146 words) - 09:05, 10 August 2014
• Theta-absorption
  ...elements have the capacity of absorbing a [[theta-role]] assigned by the [[verb]] (stem) to which they are attached, with the effect that that theta-role c ...L-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Theta-absorption&lemmacode=158 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
  956 bytes (115 words) - 09:33, 17 August 2014
• Verbalphrase
  ...rbalphrase''' (VP) ist eine [[Phrase]], als deren [[Kopf]] ein [[Verb (de)|Verb]] gilt. ...Theorie]] und der [[X-Bar-Theorie]] wird angenommen, dass die VP aus einem Verb (V⁰) und seinen syntaktischen Komplementen (nicht-nominativische
  5 KB (638 words) - 19:25, 2 August 2014
• Paradigm
  '''Paradigm''' is a term which is used for the set of all the [[inflection|inflected]] forms which an individual [[word]] assumes the list in (i) is the paradigm of the Russian verb ''delat' '' 'to do':
  896 bytes (111 words) - 17:14, 18 July 2014
• Relative tense
  ...f ''being denied enrollment'' prior to the situation denoted by the finite verb (''went on strike'').
  513 bytes (67 words) - 20:36, 25 July 2014
• Feature specification defaults
  ...those features of a category which are not determined by any other module of the grammar ([[ID-rule]], lexicon entry, [[Feature instantiation principles The feature specification [VFORM PAS] (''verb form'' = passive participle) will not be freely instantiated in any lexical
  773 bytes (106 words) - 16:19, 29 June 2014
• Accusative with infinitive
  ...ing [[cognition verb]]s, [[causative verb]]s and [[verb of saying|verbs of saying]]. It is a kind of [[nonfinite construction]].
  3 KB (357 words) - 17:54, 12 June 2014
• Kildin Saami morphology
  ...most morphological features are coded by cumulative formatives and chains of more than two suffixes scarcely occur, Kildin Saami is characterized by muc \caption{Inflection paradigm of the noun \textit{kuessʼk} (North Saami \textit{goaski}) ‘aunt (elder mat
  4 KB (678 words) - 15:43, 6 July 2014
• Subordinator (de)
  .... Sprachen mit reicher Morphologie haben oft Subordinatoren, die Affixe am Verb sind. [[Category:Part of speech]]
  730 bytes (87 words) - 15:41, 27 July 2014
• Merge
  ...ns a [[label]] to the structure thus formed; the label is identical to one of the elements that are merged. Take for instance Merge of a [[direct object]] with a verb:
  2 KB (222 words) - 15:47, 13 July 2014
• Aktionsart
  ...' is approx. equivalent to the English terms [[lexical aspect]] and [[kind of action]]. ...:sis'' (complete movement, actuality), which designate the two basic types of situation found in our natural environment (cf. Verkuyl 1993: 43). [[Lexica
  6 KB (819 words) - 09:15, 14 June 2014
• Case Assignment Conditions
  ...gned case by the closest case-assigner which c-commands it (in consequence of the Earliness Principle) and is assigned<br> (i) accusative case if c-commanded by a transitive head (e.g a transitive verb like meet, or a transitive preposition like with or a transitive complement
  588 bytes (90 words) - 17:35, 16 August 2021
• Topicalization
  '''Topicalization''' is the preposing of some [[topic]]al [[constituent]]. In [[Verb Second]] languages topicalization is often believed to occur in all declara
  944 bytes (138 words) - 19:12, 29 August 2014
• Sole argument generalization
  ...that an [[argument]] that may stand as a sole [[NP]] [[complement]] to a [[verb]] can be externalized by [[Adjectival passive formation]]. This generalizat ...sold the car''). In (iii), on the other hand, the second internal argument of ''sell'' is externalized, but this NP cannot be the sole argument (cf. *''D
  1 KB (180 words) - 16:13, 8 July 2009
• Proper Binding Condition
  ...ndition. In (i), V c-commands N, so the nominal root may move to the light verb as desired. * Huang, C. T. J., Li, Y. H. A., & Li, Y. (2009). ''The syntax of Chinese (Vol. 10)''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  963 bytes (111 words) - 13:14, 28 July 2021
• Thematic theory
  ...cture. Thematic interpretation is only part of the semantic interpretation of natural language sentences, which also encompasses quantificational, tempor ...iL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Thematic+theory&lemmacode=152 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
  2 KB (263 words) - 09:12, 17 August 2014
• Ellipsis
  ...ts. Most typically, ellipsis occurs in contexts where the notional content of the [[to ellipt|ellipted]] constituents is recoverable from the immediately ...e often attempted to distinguish various different types of non-expression of otherwise syntactically required constituents, using notions such as [[dele
  2 KB (193 words) - 18:59, 28 June 2014
• Southern Saamic
  The Southern Saamic languages constitute the southern branch of [[Western Saamic|Western]] [[Saamic]]. Two languages are distinguished: [[U Typical features of Southern Saamic include:
  1 KB (203 words) - 14:58, 27 July 2014
• Performative hypothesis
  ...act]], i.e. is derived from a deep structure containing a [[performative]] verb. ...exicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Performative+hypothesis&lemmacode=391 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
  835 bytes (120 words) - 19:11, 21 September 2014
• Uniformity of Theta-Assignment Hypothesis
  ...ted by identical structural relationships between these items at the level of [[D-structure]]. ...invisibly incorporating ''to'' in the verb and moving ''Mary'' to the left of ''a book'').
  2 KB (245 words) - 16:30, 24 August 2014
• Mutable lexeme
  ...d immediately became mutable, as exemplified by the expression "the mother of all meteors", which was used by the ''New York Times'' when reporting a spe ...ries over an infinite range of possible clauses, exemplifying a broad sort of variable that is not at all uncommon.
  2 KB (275 words) - 19:07, 28 January 2018
• Huddleston and Pullum's (2002) analysis of tense
  ...n the preterite tense (''went''). In "She goes to school" the tense of the verb is present (cf. Huddleston and Pullum 20022: 116). Tense is regarded as a relationship between the time referred to and the time of orientation.
  4 KB (599 words) - 18:20, 27 March 2011
• Converb
  A '''converb''' is a non-finite verb form that serves to express [[adverbial]] [[subordination]], i.e. notions l 'Having finished ten years of school, in autumn I was drafted into the Army.'
  4 KB (534 words) - 23:17, 7 August 2009
• LP-rule
  LP-rules restrict the set of local trees admitted by an ID-rule. An LD-rule ''X'' <math>\prec</math> ''Y ...LP-rue ''V <math>\prec</math> NP' states that the object has to follow the verb.
  665 bytes (92 words) - 17:08, 6 July 2014
• L-marking
  ...crucial role in the definition of a [[blocking category]] and thus in that of a [[barrier]]. Roughly, a category is L-marked iff it is theta-marked by a ...d the [[Adjunct Condition]]. EXAMPLE: : only in (ii)a is ''who'' moved out of an L-marked phrase (=/= barrier), hence the contrast between (ii)a and b.
  2 KB (252 words) - 07:15, 16 August 2014
• Theta-position
  ...in a theta-position being theta-marked as [[Agent]] and [[Theme]]. But the verb ''seems'' in (i) does not assign a theta-role to its grammatical subject '' ...nd its [[trace]] t_iare both A-positions, but only the position of the trace is a theta-position. An A-position to which no theta-role is assi
  1 KB (192 words) - 09:32, 17 August 2014
• Clause structure in Skolt Saami
  This article gives an overview of the [[Syntax]] of simple and complex clauses in the [[Skolt Saami]] language. ...are many example sentences in Moshnikoff's school grammar (2009) where the verb comes in the second position.
  12 KB (1,538 words) - 08:49, 7 March 2013
• S-selection
  ...to what extent c-selection can be derived from s-selection (e.g. by rules of canonical structural realization). Next to s- and c-selection, some assume ...nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=S-selection&lemmacode=251 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
  2 KB (234 words) - 15:15, 5 October 2014
• Logical form
  ...misleading with respect to its logical properties, for example in the case of [[definite description]]s. ...the semantic sense). LF is derived from [[S-structure]] through instances of [[affect alpha]], e.g. [[Quantifier Raising]] and ''Wh''-raising (see [[Wh-
  2 KB (326 words) - 18:51, 12 July 2014
• Complement
  ...iven [[predicate]] is regarded as an [[argument]], but not as a complement of that predicate. ...either A and B are complements of X⁰, or just B (the [[sister]] of X⁰).
  4 KB (621 words) - 13:20, 14 June 2009
• Perfective
  The '''perfective aspect''' is a category of [[aspect]] that contrasts with the [[imperfective aspect]]. ...situational time'). Perfective aspect is accordingly defined as a property of situations in which T_R entirely includes T_SIT (Huddle
  2 KB (380 words) - 14:34, 10 February 2010
• Meaning
  '''Meaning''' is a central notion of [[semantics]] und [[pragmatics]]. ...use of the relevant terms and, as a consequence, to a rather vague concept of what meaning is.
  3 KB (375 words) - 13:18, 13 July 2014
• Regens
  ...Sätzen des Deutschen ist das höchste Element und somit höchstes Regens das Verb. Das bedeutet, dass es von keinem anderen Element des Satzes regiert wird. ...r Spatz'' als auch die [[Präpositionalphrase]] ''auf dem Dach'' werden vom Verb ''sitz'', dem obersten Regens des Satzes, regiert. In der Präpositionalphr
  2 KB (320 words) - 17:42, 24 July 2014
• Kopf-Bewegungsbeschränkung
  *M. Baker, Incorporation. A Theory of Grammatical Function. Chicago 1988. ...ovement and the Analysis of Verb Second. In: A. Mahajan (Hg.), Proceedings of the Workshop on Head Movement. UCLA 2004.
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• Pruning
  ...as also been invoked in the analyses of [[Restructuring]] in Italian and [[Verb Raising]] in German and Dutch. In effect, pruning is similar to [[S-bar del ....uu.nl/UiL-OTS/Lexicon/zoek.pl?lemma=Pruning&lemmacode=456 Utrecht Lexicon of Linguistics]
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• Rich agreement
  ...tinguish most or all person-number combinations and therefore make the use of [[independent pronoun]]s redundant. In [[:category:generative syntax|genera ...igm does not exemplify rich agreement. Correspondingly, in Italian the use of independent pronouns is optional (''io canto'' 'I sing'), whereas it is nor
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• Stress
  ...[[amplitude]], higher [[pitch]], greater [[duration]] or greater accuracy of articulation (most notably in vowels). Lexical stress may be distinctive, as in 'inCREASE' (verb) vs 'INcrease' (noun).
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• Parameter (de)
  *P. Fletcher & B. MacWhinney (Hg.), Handbook of Child Language. Oxford 1995. *N. Hyams, Language Acquisition and the Theory of Parameters. Dordrecht 1986.
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• Finite vs. nonfinite
  ...ations. For this reason, it is unclear how to apply the terminology when a verb form lacks tense but has person-number specifications (like the Portuguese Due to this impreciseness, a number of linguists have suggested that the terminology should be abandoned entirely
  2 KB (256 words) - 16:33, 14 October 2015
• Argument
  ...that is required by another (predicative, argument-taking) constituent ([[verb]], [[relational adjective]], [[relational noun]]). In this second, syntacti ...ument of ''obvious''. The phrase ''next week'' in (ii) is not an argument (of ''visit''), and is assigned no theta-role.
  3 KB (409 words) - 17:35, 18 June 2014
• Agens (Überblick)
  ...Funktion; drückt semantische Eigenschaften des Verhältnisses zwischen dem Verb und seinen Argumenten aus). In den verschiedenen Richtungen der Kasusgramma ''Le fils'' ist nicht das Agens, sondern der Rezipient, da das Verb ''erhalten'' keine willentliche oder beabsichtigte Handlung impliziert.
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• Borrowing (i.e. copying)
  Saying that a language X (the [[recipient language]]) '''borrows (i.e. copies)''' ...'''native elements''', which we can take back to the earliest known stage of a language, and '''borrowed elements''', which were imported at some time f
  3 KB (454 words) - 17:05, 9 September 2009
• Future tense
  ...''' is a [[tense]] which indicates that an event occurs after the [[moment of speech]] (cf. Comrie 1985). ...in the proposition, which refers to an event taking place after the moment of speech, will hold.”''
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• Performative
  ...and in opposition to '''[[constative]]''' utterances, which are statements of facts. ==John L. Austin and his Theory of Speech Acts==
  10 KB (1,477 words) - 13:07, 2 March 2018
• Impersonal construction
  ...tion preserves transitivity, and merely inhibits the syntactic realization of a surface subject."'' (Blevins 2003). The non-realized subjects of impersonals are often interpreted as indefinite human agents, thus those co
  2 KB (301 words) - 20:53, 3 July 2014
• Inflection
  ...inflected forms are just variants of one and the same word. Some examples of grammatical information that can be encoded by inflectional morphemes inclu ...s'', ''noun-nouns''). The plural forms ''dogs'' and ''nouns'' are variants of the base nouns ''dog'' and ''noun''.
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• Verner's law
  ...Proto-Indo-European on the immediately preceding syllable (in the majority of sources notated as ''f'', ''þ'', ''χ'', ''χʷ'', ''s'' becoming ''ƀ'', ...Grimm's law were noticed before Verner: the voicing alternation in certain verb paradigms had been already described by Braune (1874) and was referred to a
  3 KB (359 words) - 10:06, 14 September 2014
• Aspect
  ...roperties and so may belong to different [[aspectual classes]]. The aspect of a sentence is in many languages expressed syntactically and/or morpho-phono ...ituation]], whereas tense tense relates the [[topic time]] to the [[moment of utterance]].
  4 KB (579 words) - 02:29, 15 January 2019
• Metatypy
  ...age in which the speakers are bilingual and which is the dominant language of the speakers. ...djective is ''metatypic'' (e.g. "metatypic change"), and the corresponding verb is ''metatypize'' (e.g. "a metatypized language", i.e. a language that has
  3 KB (356 words) - 16:05, 13 July 2014
• Fidschi
  Das [[Verb]] steht am Anfang des Satzes. Gibt es sowohl ein [[Subjekt]] (S) als auch e Die Negation in der Fidschi- Sprache ist durch das Verb 'sega' gekennzeichnet. Nimmt 'sega' eine NP als Subjekt wird es mit 'es gib
  17 KB (2,362 words) - 19:56, 3 February 2013
• Irish
  ...native competence in the language, most Irish people being native speakers of [[English]]. ...le. In the southern (Munster) dialect, stress falls on the second syllable of a word if that syllable contains a long vowel or diphthong. If the second s
  13 KB (1,654 words) - 20:27, 4 July 2014
• Epistemische Modalität
  ...ld about it, that it is a matter only of appearance, based on the evidence of (possibily fallible) senses."<ref name="pal1"/> </blockquote> ...odalität wird beispielsweise in [[Germanic|germanischen Sprachen]] durch [[Verb|Verben]] wie ''may'' und ''can'' grammatikalisiert. Starke epistemische Mod
  9 KB (1,188 words) - 17:40, 1 June 2014
• X-bar theory
  ...nstituents which was originally intended to place constraints on the power of [[phrase structure rules]]. X-bar theory captures the insight that all phra The structures in (i) have in common that the head (noun, verb, adjective, or preposition) has an element to its right, which can be const
  5 KB (726 words) - 18:48, 7 September 2014
• Topic
  ...], the comment is [[new information]] about it. The topic is thus the part of the proposition that is being talked about ([[Predication|predicated]]). On :::*''"An entity E is the topic of a sentence, S, iff in using S the speaker intends to increase the addressee
  4 KB (617 words) - 08:05, 23 May 2014
• Tenses of English
  ...tood' definition is for instance given in the ''International Encyclopedia of Linguistics'' (Bybee 1992: 223f.): ...d by inflections, by particles, or by auxiliaries in construction with the verb [...].
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• Michif
  Michif is spoken in scattered Métis communities in the provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba in Canada and in North Dakota and Montana in the ...r than 1,000; it was probably double or triple this number around the turn of the century but never much higher (P. Bakker 1997) .
  5 KB (616 words) - 16:50, 4 February 2013
• Satzstruktur im Skoltsaamischen
  ...shnikoffs Schulgrammatik (2009) gibt es viele Beispielsätze, bei denen das Verb an zweiter Stelle steht. Auch wenn man Sätze ohne Subjekte oder ohne Objekte betrachtet, kommt das Verb meistens am Ende.
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• Ambiguity, Polysemy and Vagueness
  ...omewhere in between these two extremes. The borders between the categories of ambiguity, polysemy and vagueness are fuzzy. Thus, there are lexical exampl ...ne meaning of an ambiguous expression can be used. There are several forms of ambiguity to be distinguished – according to their trigger:
  12 KB (1,883 words) - 16:39, 15 June 2014
• Main Page
  ...me to [[Glottopedia:About Glottopedia|Glottopedia]], the free encyclopedia of linguistics.''' ...[[Special:Allpages|All articles A&ndash;Z]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;Number of articles: [[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]]&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nb
  8 KB (758 words) - 10:19, 15 August 2023
• Tense
  ...a temporal relation between the event described by the verb and the moment of utterance. ...ic time]] (Klein 1994) and an extra-linguistic reference point, the [[time of orientation]] (Huddleston & Pullum 2002).
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• Habitual aspect
  ...85: 97). Some languages have tenses that are specialized to the expression of habitual aspect. ...ingle iterative situation rather than a characteristic or habitual feature of the person who is coughing.
  5 KB (728 words) - 21:32, 5 June 2010
• Runyankore
  ...hiede wieder. Zum Beispiel bei der Unterscheidung zwischen omugôngo (‚back of the body‘), mit aufsteigendem und abfallendem Ton auf der dritten Silbe, ...cht Modifikator. Es kann als Subjekt vor dem Verb oder als Objekt nach dem Verb in unmarkierten Sätzen stehen. Der Numerus (Singular und Plural) wird am N
  17 KB (2,343 words) - 08:29, 4 January 2021
• Numerus
  Im Deutschen werden [[Substantiv|Substantive]] (1), [[Verb|Verben]] (2), [[Adjektiv|Adjektive]] (3), [[Artikel|Artikelwörter]] (4) un ...n eine Nominalphrase, die als Subjekt des Satzes fungiert, mit dem finiten Verb des Satzes in Numerus.
  6 KB (751 words) - 17:49, 26 March 2021
• Situation
  ...[clause]]s. Often the term ''situation'' is also used to refer to just the verb's meaning (which can more precisely be called [[situation core]]). ...''state of affairs'', and the other competitor event has the disadvantage of even more strongly suggesting a dynamic situation (as in "event vs. state")
  11 KB (1,554 words) - 19:38, 21 October 2009
• Griechisch
  ...Discourse Functions in Greek: A Non-configurational Approach. Diss. Univ. of Edinburgh. ...idis, S. (Hg.) 1999. ''Greece in Modern Times'' (An Annotated Bibliography of Works Published in English in 22 Academic Disciplines during the Twentieth
  8 KB (985 words) - 11:29, 2 March 2018
• Reziprok
  Zum Beispiel wird das transitive Verb ‚küssen’ durch die Verwendung des Pronomens ‚einander’ zu einem R Ein gutes Beispiel liefert das deutsche Verb ''streiten'':
  16 KB (2,261 words) - 07:19, 10 August 2014
• Tschetschenisch
  ...Zur [[Subordination]] werden [[Partizip]]ien, [[Masdar]] (nominalisiertes Verb) und [[Konverb]]en verwendet. Adverbiale Funktionen wie Vor-und Nachzeitigk ...das Verb mit dem direktem Objekt. Bei intransitiven Verben kongruiert das Verb mit dem Subjekt.
  21 KB (2,943 words) - 08:35, 4 January 2021
• Konjunktiv
  ...] des Verbs, die in vielen Sprachen über ein entwickeltes morphologisches (Verb-) Paradigma verfügt. ...ic Inference. In: M. Reiter et al. (Hg.), Current Trends in the Pragmatics of Spanish. Amsterdam 2004, 35–56.
  8 KB (1,075 words) - 16:02, 6 July 2014
• Tümpisa Shoshone
  ...Verbs vermindert wird, dann ist das Resultat ein deriviertes intransitives Verb und umgekehrt. ...''suntamah (transitiv) "sich erinnern" [<sun- "with mind" + -tamah (instr. Verb) "absichern, binden")
  14 KB (1,953 words) - 14:25, 4 February 2013
• Interference
  ...ers to the influence of one language (or variety) on another in the speech of [[bilingual]]s who use both languages. ...result of their familiarity with more than one language, i.e. as a result of language contact, will be referred to as INTERFERENCE phenomena."'' (Weinre
  11 KB (1,477 words) - 06:57, 22 October 2009
• Mangghuer
  Mangghuer ist eine kopf-finale SOV-Sprache: Die Argumente stehen vor dem Verb, nominale Modifikatoren und Relativsätze stehen vor dem Nomen, und es gibt ...he Verben haben verschiedene Valenzrahmen. In Beispiel (1) ist es dasselbe Verb, welches sowohl die Bedeutung von dt. "füttern" als auch von "verfüttern"
  9 KB (1,245 words) - 08:24, 4 January 2021
• Kham
  ...t (''"Magst du Kinder?"'') tragen zwar das Pluralsuffix, die Markierung am Verb, die Kongruenz anzeigt, ist allerdings ein Singularsuffix. ...gruiert in Person und Numerus mit dem Verb. Die Kongruenz ist als Affix am Verb markiert.
  25 KB (3,457 words) - 08:09, 4 January 2021
• Modalität
  *[[epistemisches Verb]] *Bybee, J. L. 1985. ''Morphology. A Study of the Relation between Meaning and Form''. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: Benjamins.
  9 KB (1,176 words) - 17:37, 1 June 2014
• Kopf
  ...urch R. S. Jackendoff im Rahmen der [[EST]] und [[REST]] erfasst Sätze als Verb-Projektionen (z. B. als '''V³''' in Jackendoff (1977, Kap. 3)). ...egories: a New Look at Noun Phrase Structure. S. Müller (Hg.), Proceedings of the HPSG03 conference, Michigan State Univ. Stanford 2003, 47–67.
  9 KB (1,251 words) - 12:54, 9 August 2014
• Kolyma-Jukagirisch
  Mit dem Suffix ''-n'(e)'' wird von Nomen ein Verb mit der Bedeutung ''X besitzen'' abgeleitet. ...nzu. Er ist auf wenige Verben beschränkt, die Bedeutung ist vom jeweiligen Verb abhängig und kann nicht anderweitig erschlossen werden.
  19 KB (2,415 words) - 08:15, 4 January 2021
• Tsez
  ...spoken by the Tsez, a muslimic people in the mountainous Tsunta district of southern and western [[Dagestan]], [[Russia]]. ...language|Arabic]] and Russian, mainly through loanwords and — in the case of Russian — even syntactically and stylistically.
  50 KB (8,020 words) - 17:31, 2 March 2018
• Lango
  ...das Merkmal '3p' nur den [[anaphorischen]] Subjekten vorbehalten ist. Kein Verb weist verschiedene Stämme für Singular und Plural auf. ...bilden. Wenn die Bedeutung jedoch diese Formen verlangt, muß ein [[Kopula]]verb (z.B. ''bèdò'' (sitzen, bleiben, sein) oder ''dɔ`kɔ`'' (werden)) verwe
  45 KB (6,778 words) - 08:21, 4 January 2021
• Nordsaamisch
  Das Verb hat die folgenden Kategorien: ...auch viele infinite Formen: Infinitive, Konnegative (werden mit negierten Verb benutzt), Partizipien und Gerundien.
  17 KB (2,119 words) - 14:30, 30 January 2013
• Cohesion
  ...r and makes the difference between an unrelated set of sentences and a set of sentences forming a unified whole. The difference of the presence or absence of cohesion for a text is illustrated in the following examples:
  22 KB (3,425 words) - 17:49, 26 June 2010
• Belebtheit
  ...nomen der 1. und 2. Person in [[Transitiv|transitiven]] und [[Intransitive verb|intransitiven]] Sätzen akkusativisch markiert: ...chlesewsky, M. 2006. Linguistic prominence and Broca`s area: The Influence of animacy as a linearization principle. ''NeuroImage'' 32. 1395- 1402.
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• Lemma
  ...Dabei erscheinen üblicherweise Substantive in ihren Nominativ Singular, [[Verb (de)|Verben]] im Infinitiv. Die lateinische Bedeutung des Wortes kann somit ...Stages in sentence production: An analysis of speech error data. ''Journal of verbal learning and verbal behavior, 20''(6), 611-629.
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• Zentralalaska-Yup'ik
  Die einfachste Möglichkeit ein Verb so zu verändern, dass dieser Effekt erzielt wird, ist im Zentralaska-Yup'i patientives Verb:
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• Azionalità
  #* "Chiara is continuously forgetting the recipe of the cake" * [[Verb]]
  21 KB (2,913 words) - 17:02, 15 June 2014
• Kaili (en)
  ...province were (1979) native speakers of a Kaili language. Object language of this article is the main dialect Ledo, which is spoken in the district ([[K ...not have a writing system and a written tradition before the introduction of the Latin script.
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• Evidentialität
  ...e der Information geben könnte<ref name="aik"/>. Der Hauptbegriff ''source of information'' (''Informationsquelle'') wurde allerdings erst von [[Jakobson ...chen Aspekt dar und wird u.a. durch grammatische [[Morphem|Morpheme]] am [[Verb]] markiert. Wiederum andere Sprachen drücken Evidentialität fakultativ au
  13 KB (1,794 words) - 11:45, 27 May 2014
• Kaili
  Die [[Morphologie]] des Kaili ist im Wesentlichen die [[Konjugation]] des [[Verb (de)|Verbs]] sowie [[Wortbildung]] durch [[Komposition (Grammatik)|Komposit Die Flexion der [[Verb (de)|Verben]] (besser: [[Prädikative]]) im Kaili ist geprägt durch die zw
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• Hadza
  Hadza is a language isolate of Tanzania. ...i Plateau in central Tanzania, from Mount Oldeani in the north (just south of Ngorongoro Crater) to the Isanzu agricultural areas in the south. The Hadza
  26 KB (3,968 words) - 08:14, 5 January 2021
• Maori
  | || ||PROG||beat||3SG|| OBJ/ACC ||SG-of-3SG||dog | || ||PROG||beat||3SG|| style="background:#CAFF70" |OBJ/ACC ||SG-of-3SG||dog
  25 KB (3,341 words) - 08:27, 4 January 2021
• Intransitivita' scissa
  ...lasse degli inaccusativi, identificata sintatticamente, e certe classi di “verb meanings” (è la cosiddetta Universal Alignment Hypothesis). I verbi che [[Unaccusative verb]]<br />
  47 KB (6,479 words) - 20:24, 4 July 2014